Battles of the Civil War In Which Thomas W. Hill's Regiment Participated Compiled by Lia Wilson. Hatcher's Run Other Names: Dabney's Mill, Rowanty Creek, Armstrong's Mill, Vaughan Road Location: Dinwiddie County Campaign: Richmond-Petersburg Campaign (June 1864-March 1865) Date(s): February 5-7, 1865 Principal Commanders: Commanders: Maj. Gen. A.A. Humphreys and Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren [US]; Maj. Gen. John B. Gordon [CS] Forces Engaged: 48,352 total (US 34,517; CS 13,835) Estimated Casualties: 2,700 total Description: On February 5, Bvt. Brig. Gen. David Gregg's cavalry division rode out to the Boydton Plank Road via Ream's Station and Dinwiddie Court House in an attempt to intercept Confederate supply trains. Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren with the V Corps crossed Hatcher's Run and took up a blocking position on the Vaughan Road to prevent interference with Gregg's operations. Two divisions of the II Corps under Maj. Gen. A.A. Humphreys shifted west to near Armstrong's Mill to cover Warren's right flank. Late in the day, Maj. Gen. John B. Gordon attempted to turn Humphreys right flank near the mill but was repulsed. During the night, the Federals were reinforced by two divisions. On February 6, Gregg returned to Gravelly Run on the Vaughan Road from his unsuccessful raid and was attacked by elements of Brig. Gen. John Pegram's Confederate division. Warren pushed forward a reconnaissance in the vicinity of Dabney's Mill and was attacked by Pegram's and Maj. Gen. William Mahone's divisions. Pegram was killed in the action. Although the Union advance was stopped, the Federals extended their siegeworks to the Vaughan Road crossing of Hatcher's Run. Result(s): Union gained ground Petersburg Other Names: Petersburg Location: City of Petersburg Campaign: Appomattox Campaign (March-April 1865) Date(s): April 2, 1865 Principal Commanders: Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS] Forces Engaged: Armies Estimated Casualties: 7,750 total (US 3,500; CS 4,250) Description: With Confederate defeat at Five Forks on April 1, Grant and Meade ordered a general assault against the Petersburg lines by II, IX, VI and XXIV Corps on April 2. A heroic defense of Fort Gregg by a handful of Confederates prevented the Federals from entering the city that night. Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill was killed trying to reach his troops in the confusion. After dark, Lee ordered the evacuation of Petersburg and Richmond. Grant had achieved one of the major military objectives of the war: the capture of Petersburg, which led to the fall of Richmond, the Capitol of the Confederacy. Result(s): Union victory Appomattox Court House Other Names: None Location: Appomattox County Campaign: Appomattox Campaign (March-April 1865) Date(s): April 9, 1865 Principal Commanders: Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant [US]; Gen. Robert E. Lee [CS] Forces Engaged: Armies Estimated Casualties: 700 total (27,805 Confederate soldiers paroled) Description:Early on April 9, the remnants of John Broun Gordon's corps and Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry formed line of battle at Appomattox Court House. Gen. Robert E. Lee determined to make one last attempt to escape the closing Union pincers and reach his supplies at Lynchburg. At dawn the Confederates advanced, initially gaining ground against Sheridan's cavalry. The arrival of Union infantry, however, stopped the advance in its tracks. Lee's army was now surrounded on three sides. Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9. This was the final engagement of the war in Virginia. Result(s): Union victory Cedar Creek Other Names: Belle Grove Location: Frederick County, Shenandoah County and Warren County Campaign: Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign (August-December 1864) Date(s): October 19, 1864 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Horatio Wright and Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan [US]; Lt. Gen. Jubal Early [CS] Forces Engaged: 52,945 total (US 31,945; CS 21,000) Estimated Casualties: 8,575 total (US 5,665; CS 2,910) Description: At dawn, October 19, 1864, the Confederate Army of the Valley under Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early surprised the Federal army at Cedar Creek and routed the VIII and XIX Army Corps. Commander Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan arrived from Winchester to rally his troops, and, in the afternoon, launched a crushing counterattack, which recovered the battlefield. Sheridan's victory at Cedar Creek broke the back of the Confederate army in the Shenandoah Valley. Lincoln rode the momentum of Sheridan's victories in the Valley and Sherman's successes in Georgia to re-election. Result(s): Union victory Fisher's Hill Other Names: None Location: Shenandoah County Campaign: Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign (August-December 1864) Date(s): September 21-22, 1864 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan [US]; Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early [CS] Forces Engaged: 38,944 total (US 29,444; CS 9,500) Estimated Casualties: 1,763 total (US 528; CS 1,235) Description: Early's army, bloodied by its defeat at Opequon (Third Winchester) on September 19, took up a strong defensive position at Fisher's Hill, south of Strasburg. On September 21, the Union army advanced, driving back the skirmishers and capturing important high ground. On the 22nd, Crook's Corps moved along North Mountain to outflank Early and attacked about 4 pm. The Confederate cavalry offered little resistance, and the startled infantry were unable to face the attacking force. The Confederate defense collapsed from west to east as Sheridan's other corps join in the assault. Early retreated to Rockfish Gap near Waynesboro, opening the Valley to a Union "scorched earth" invasion. Mills and barns from Staunton to Strasburg were burned in what became known as the "Burning" or "Red October." Result(s): Union victory Opequon Other Names: Third Winchester Location: Frederick County Campaign: Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign (August-December 1864) Date(s): September 19, 1864 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan [US]; Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early [CS] Forces Engaged: 54,440 total(US 39,240; CS 15,200) Estimated Casualties: 8,630 total (US 5,020; CS 3,610) Description:After Kershaw's division left Winchester to rejoin Lee's army at Petersburg, Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early renewed his raids on the B&O Railroad at Martinsburg, badly dispersing his four remaining infantry divisions. On September 19, Sheridan advanced toward Winchester along the Berryville Pike with the VI and XIX Corps, crossing Opequon Creek. The Union advance was delayed long enough for Early to concentrate his forces to meet the main assault, which continued for several hours. Casualties were very heavy. The Confederate line was gradually driven back toward the town. Mid- afternoon, Crook's (VIII) Corps and the cavalry turned the Confederate left flank. Early ordered a general retreat. Confederate generals Rodes and Goodwin were killed, Fitzhugh Lee, Terry, Johnson, and Wharton wounded. Union general Russell was killed, McIntosh, Upton, and Chapman wounded. Because of its size, intensity, and result, many historians consider this the most important conflict of the Shenandoah Valley. Result(s): Union victory Lynchburg Other Names: None Location: City of Lynchburg Campaign: Lynchburg Campaign (May-June 1864) Date(s): June 17-18, 1864 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. David Hunter [US]; Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early [CS] Forces Engaged: Corps (44,000 total) Estimated Casualties: 900 total Description: From Lexington, Maj. Gen. David Hunter advanced against the Confederate rail and canal depots and the hospital complex at Lynchburg. Reaching the outskirts of town on June 17, his first tentative attacks were thwarted by the timely arrival by rail of Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early's II Corps vanguard from Charlottesville. Hunter withdrew the next day after sporadic fighting because of a critical shortage of supplies. His line of retreat through West Virginia took his army out of the war for nearly a month and opened the Shenandoah Valley for a Confederate advance into Maryland. Result(s): Confederate victory Cloyd's Mountain Other Names: None Location: Pulaski County Campaign: Crook-Averell Raid on the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad (May 1864) Date(s): May 9, 1864 Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. George Crook [US]; Brig. Gen. Albert Jenkins [CS] Forces Engaged: Divisions (approx. 10,000) Estimated Casualties: 1,500 total Description: On May 9, Crook's three brigades (6,100 men) on a raid into southwestern Virginia encountered a patchwork Confederate force under Brig. Gen. Albert Jenkins at Cloyd's Mountain. Fighting was furious and hand-to-hand. Casualties were heavy for the size of the forces engaged: Union 10%, Confederate 23%. Jenkins was mortally wounded. Crook afterwards joined forces with Averell, who had burned the New River Bridge, and the united column withdrew to Meadow Bluff after destroying several important railroad bridges. Result(s): Union victory Rice's Station Other Names: Rice's Depot Location: Prince Edward County Campaign: Appomattox Campaign (March-April 1865) Date(s): April 6, 1865 Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. John Gibbon [US]; Lt. Gen. James Longstreet [CS] Forces Engaged: Corps Estimated Casualties: Few Description:On April 6, Longstreet's command reached Rice's Station, its farthest point south, where it was blocked by Union XXIV Corps. After some skirmishing, Longstreet withdrew over the High Bridge during the night toward Farmville. Result(s): Union victory